Irregular Periods: Causes and How to Regulate Your Cycle
November 27, 2025
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Last updated June 22, 2026
If you’ve had your hormones tested and been told your progesterone is “a little low but not a big deal” — or worse, that everything looks normal despite irregular cycles, PMS, or trouble getting and staying pregnant — this is worth a closer look.
Progesterone is one of the most commonly under-investigated hormones in fertility. It’s also one of the most directly tied to implantation, early pregnancy, and whether a cycle ends in a missed period or one that just never quite “sticks.”
Whether you’ve been told you have unexplained infertility, or you’re managing a diagnosis like PCOS or estrogen dominance, low progesterone is often part of the picture — and it’s almost always addressable once it’s properly identified.
Here’s what causes it, how to recognize it, and exactly how to support it naturally.
If you’re wondering what’s preventing pregnancy, and looking for a solution-based, comprehensive approach – start here: What’s Actually Preventing Pregnancy — and How to Fix It.
You can read more parts of the Natural Remedies blog series below:
Natural Remedies for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Natural Remedies for Endometriosis
Natural Remedies for Fibroids
Natural Remedies for Low Progesterone
Natural Remedies for Estrogen Dominance
Table of Contents
Progesterone is a female sex hormone produced mainly in the ovaries following ovulation each month. It’s a crucial part of the menstrual cycle and maintenance of pregnancy.
Progesterone is responsible for:
Low progesterone can cause a variety of symptoms, some obvious and some subtle. Many of the symptoms of low progesterone coincide with symptoms of other health issues, so be aware that just because you may have some of these, it doesn’t always mean your progesterone levels are low, and testing your levels is imperative.
Irregular Cycles: this could mean that your cycles are longer or shorter than normal, come sporadically, or you don’t have a period at all.
Short Cycles: this is also usually known as Luteal Phase Defect; cycles are usually less than 25 days.
Menstrual Issues: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Endometriosis, mid-cycle spotting, severe menstrual cramps and PMS symptoms like swollen breasts and water retention.
Infertility: difficulty conceiving, recurrent early miscarriage(s), not ovulating.
Loss of energy and sex drive: low libido, “foggy” brain, memory lapses, chronic fatigue.
Emotional Issues: depression, anxiety, mood swings, heart palpitations, and sleep disturbances.
Skin Issues: acne, facial hair, brittle nails, cracked and dry skin.
Metabolism: weight gain, low thyroid, water retention, and obesity.
Other medical issues: allergy symptoms, migraines, joint pains, hot flashes, night sweats, incontinence, and bone loss.
Make sure to also read this post where I talk about Estrogen Dominance and what that looks like.
Progesterone levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle – levels peak about seven days before your period, and can even vary in the course of a single day. But what actually causes low progesterone in a woman? It’s hard to nail down just one reason, so here are a couple:
Stress. Cortisol, the body’s stress hormone, is released whenever we’re feeling stressed. When this happens, it blocks your body’s progesterone receptors and inhibits the hormone’s activity.
Xenoestrogens. Estrogen and progesterone work like a seesaw, so as one goes up the other goes down. We live in an estrogen-dominant world, and we’re bombarded by environmental estrogens, or xenoestrogens, every single day. They’re in our foods and in our environment. They trick the body into thinking that your estrogen levels are higher than what they really are, and progesterone levels suffer as a result.
Most standard fertility workups check progesterone with a single blood draw, usually around day 21 of a 28-day cycle. The problem is that progesterone needs to stay elevated across the entire luteal phase to properly support implantation — not just show up on one good day.
This is one of the most common hidden drivers I see in women who’ve been told their labs are “normal.” The test wasn’t wrong. It just wasn’t thorough enough to catch a pattern that only shows up across multiple days.
If you’re also dealing with symptoms around the implantation window — spotting, a short luteal phase, or early pregnancy loss — this connects directly to implantation health.
Progesterone plays several important parts in your fertility and pregnancy: not only does it maintain the lining of the uterus, allowing a fertilized egg to attach and survive, it also helps your body change your cervical mucous to allow for fertilization and promotes the full development of the fetus throughout pregnancy. Progesterone prevents your immune system from rejecting the embryo as a foreign object, allowing for the development of the fetus. And ultimately, progesterone aids the body in metabolizing fat for energy for you and the baby.
There are many ways to naturally support progesterone production!
As with any major diet and lifestyle changes, it takes at least 6-12 months of consistent change, along with natural therapies to bring about real change in the body when living with low progesterone. So don’t give up when things get tough, I promise that these changes will be worth it in the long run!
The most important dietary change you can make to optimize progesterone levels is to keep your blood sugar nice and steady, which keeps your adrenal glands happy and hormone levels in check. This means including high quality protein + healthy fats and vegetables at every meal and snack. Stay away from refined carbohydrates, sugar and processed foods.
It’s also important to focus on eating foods containing magnesium, zinc, vitamins B6 and C, all believed to boost progesterone levels. These are some foods you can add to your diet to boost your body’s progesterone levels:
Don’t be overwhelmed by supplement options that help increase progesterone production! I’ve rounded up my fav five to help you navigate the supplement world:
Magnesium: Not only does magnesium allow the body to absorb calcium, it also regulates the pituitary gland, which in turn regulates hormone levels. The pituitary gland regulates the production of FSH (follicular stimulating) and LH (luteinizing) that in turn regulate the production of estrogen and progesterone. When it is lacking, your body will produce less of necessary hormones that keep your reproductive system in good shape. Boosting your magnesium can help to heal PMS, PCOS, adrenal fatigue, menopausal symptoms, and all other hormone-cycle related health problems. And the great news is that once your magnesium levels are balanced, the positive changes happen fast.
Vitamin B6: Vitamin B6 helps to regulate your hormones. One research study has shown that taking Vitamin B6 at doses of 200-800 mg/day can reduce blood estrogen levels, increase progesterone levels and result in improvements in PMS symptoms. Research published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that poor vitamin B6 status was associated with a lower probability of conception and a higher risk of early pregnancy loss..
Maca: Maca works by controlling estrogen and progesterone in the body. Estrogen or progesterone levels that are high or low at the wrong time can keep a woman from becoming pregnant or keep her from carrying a pregnancy to term. Excess estrogen levels also cause progesterone levels to decline, known as estrogen dominance. Taking maca may help to balance the estrogen to progesterone ratio which is essential to getting pregnant successfully and carrying a healthy, full term pregnancy. Check out this blog post to find out why Maca is GREAT for fertility.
DIM-Evail: DIM (diindolylmethane), is a compound that helps to support healthy estrogen metabolism. DIM balances the hormones by breaking down estrogen and removing it from the body. As we already know, too much estrogen leads to lowered progesterone production. By cleansing the body of excess estrogens, DIM can help your body balance it’s progesterone levels.
Vitex: Vitex is one of the most powerful herbs for women’s fertility and menstrual health. There are numerous studies and testimonials of Vitex and its effects on the body. One of the reasons Vitex is so effective and popular is because of its ability to balance hormones while not containing hormones itself. Vitex supports hormonal balance in the body by having an effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (hormonal feedback loop), correcting the problem at the source. Typical dose is 1000 mg per day.
Lifestyle changes are some of the most effective ways to help naturally boost progesterone levels. The following lifestyle suggestions compliment your dietary and nutrition changes. I suggest implementing as many of the following as possible.
Clean Up Your Environment
The easiest, and potentially the most important change to make, is to limit your exposure to xenoestrogens. What exactly are xenoestrogens? They are substances not naturally found in nature that have hormonal effects on the body. They have an estrogenic effect on both the male and female bodies. Because estrogen and progesterone work like a seesaw, as one goes up the other goes down, so increased estrogen exposure causes progesterone deficiency. These toxic substances are easily absorbed through the skin and build up in the body over time.
So what do xenohormones look like in our daily lives? Here’s what you need to avoid:
Check out the Environmental Working Group’s website to find the cleanest cosmetics, sunscreens, personal care products, house cleaners, and everything else. You can also check out the Shop My Home section of my website to optimize your skincare, body products, cleaning supplies, etc.
Exercise and Weight Management
Excess estrogen is stored in adipose tissue—body fat. Being overweight or obese contributes to hormonal imbalance because fat cells are known to change the hormone produced by the ovaries called androstenedione into estrogen. Estrogen is then stored in these fat cells and slowly released into the body. The more body fat, the more potential for excess circulating estrogen, and the less progesterone that your body produces.
Keeping in mind that too much exercise can also lead to low progesterone—excessive activity can actually have a negative impact on your hormone levels, progesterone in particular. I encourage you to sweat every day, but limit your amount of high intensity training and overexercising. Whether it be yoga, hiking, cycling, or working up a sweat in a HIIT class, find whatever activity you enjoy and make a habit out of it!
Lunaception
One common symptom of low progesterone is irregular menstrual cycles. Lunaception can help to regulate your cycles, and bring some hormonal balance back to your body. This practice focuses on sleeping in complete darkness except for 3 nights out of your cycle/month. This is what our bodies are traditionally used to when we would only be exposed to light at nighttime during the 3 nights around the full moon. Darkness is closely tied to optimal hormone production, and when we sleep in a room with light pollution from street lamps, nightlight, and alarm clocks, it can disrupt the natural production of hormones while we sleep.
To practice lunaception, you need to sleep in complete* darkness from the beginning of your cycle until day 13. Starting on day 13, and then on days 14 and 15, use a dim night-light to sleep, or even better google the moon cycles and base your “nightlight” nights on the day before, the day of, and the day after the full moon. The rest of the time you sleep in total darkness. After a month or two, you should find that you ovulate at the full moon and experience menstruation at the new moon.
* To ensure complete darkness, I recommend blacking out your room entirely – that means no LED lights from alarm clocks, fire alarms, TV’s, etc! You can get blackout curtains or, even just a sleeping mask to keep all light out.
Bioidentical Progesterone
Bioidentical progesterone is very useful to balance excess estrogen. Natural progesterone can also be used by the body as a precursor or starting material to make other hormones such as adrenal hormones. It can even convert it into estrogen or testosterone if your body needs it.
Natural progesterone is used for a variety of reasons including:
There is also research and medical theory indicating the appropriate balance of progesterone:
Progesterone, which plays a crucial role in brain function, is often called the “feel good hormone” because of its mood-enhancing and antidepressant effects.
Natural progesterone oil is applied to the vaginal tissue. It’s important to be supervised and to have progesterone levels monitored because too much progesterone can cause side effects as mood changes, depression, water retention, weight gain, and absent or abnormal menstrual bleeding.
Here’s how to use BioMatrix Pro-Adapt:
I also recommend that women track their menstrual cycle with a fertility app or other tracking tools so you can keep track of when you’re supposed to start your cycle and can stop progesterone appropriately.
Stress Reduction
High stress levels can lead to lower progesterone production. Cortisol—your body’s “stress hormone”—is a hormone involved in the stress response, but is also needed to make other hormones (such as progesterone). Prolonged stress can lead to elevations in cortisol, which may decrease the available progesterone and result in a hormonal imbalance.
The present world is filled with stress, that’s non-negotiable. But how you respond and react to stress is entirely in your control. Practice managing your daily stressors with ease. My favorite tools for this are: restorative yoga, long slow walks in nature, biofeedback, a hot bath, a massage, or whatever else brings your unique soul pleasure! This may be one of the most important things you can do to naturally increase your progesterone levels!
1. Progesterone is a crucial part of the menstrual cycle and maintenance of pregnancy.
2. Progesterone plays several important parts in your fertility and pregnancy: not only does it maintain the lining of the uterus, allowing a fertilized egg to attach and survive, it also helps your body change your cervical mucous to allow for fertilization.
3. You CAN naturally increase low progesterone levels through diet and lifestyle changes!
Preparing for an IVF cycle? Low progesterone matters there too — see how to prepare your body for IVF.
Low progesterone is one of the most common hidden drivers behind irregular cycles, difficulty conceiving, and early pregnancy loss — and one of the most addressable once it’s actually investigated thoroughly.
Inside The Fertility Code, we test progesterone properly, identify whether it’s part of what’s preventing your pregnancy, and build a personalized protocol — whether you’re trying naturally or preparing for IVF.
More than 90% of the women who complete The Fertility Code go on to conceive.
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